我国渔船气胀式救生筏的质量与相关法规分析

摘要

Liferaft is a kind of ideal device for marine life saving.From supervision and sampling inspection of liferaft products,problems were found such as,poor physical properties of main body adhesives,easily cracking of the bonding,poor safety performance of YJ-type liferaft,over-large starting pulling force and poor water tightness at canopy closures of A-type liferafts,lack of spare parts,etc..Combined with the existing regulations and standards related to fishing vessel equipment in China, it is believed that the making and amending of related regulations and liferaft standards in China lags behind the products technology development and international conventions amendment. Focusing on the problems existing in current technical regulations, the following suggestions are proposed:further clarify the technical bases for the statutory inspection of life saving equipment,speed up the revision of regulations on fish vessel equipment including life-saving equipment, upgrade or phase out the simplified YJ-type liferafts,and,improve the physical performance of Y-type liferafts.%救生筏是一种较为理想的海上救生设备。针对渔用救生筏产品进行监督抽查，发现了诸如救生筏主体胶布物理性能偏低、粘接工艺易开裂、YJ型救生筏安全性能较差、A型救生筏充气启动拉力过大和顶篷封口水密性差、救生筏备品属具存在“短斤缺两”现象等问题。结合我国渔业船舶用产品已制定颁布的相关法规、标准现状，分析认为，我国渔船的相关法规与救生筏标准的制修订速度已经跟不上产品技术发展及国际公约的更新进程。针对救生筏现行技术规则中存在的问题，建议：进一步明确救生设备产品法定检验的基本技术依据；加快包括救生设备在内的渔船用产品检验规则的修订进程；修订规则淘汰安全性较差的YJ型简易救生筏；提高Y型救生筏主体胶布物理指标。