基于ITS1基因分析亚东鲑(♂)、虹鳟(♀)及其F1代遗传关系

摘要

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmon trutta) are high-quality aquaculture species, and Yadong salmon is synonym of brown trout introduced from Europe to Tibet in 19th century.To explore the heterosis of salmo fishes, a hybrid experiment between Yadong samlo and rainbow trout was carried out, and the body length and body weight of F1 hybrid, rainbow trout and brown trout were measured.Their genetic relationship was analyzed by ITS1 gene, and compared with brown trout introduced from Pakistan.The results showed that F1 had more rapid growth rate than rainbow trout and brown trout did, higher genetic diversity than Yadong Salmon and rainbow trout, and slightly lower than brown trout, indicating the heterosis of F1 generation.High genetic diversity of brown trout reflects the good genetic background, and shows the potential for further breeding.%虹鳟、棕鳟均为优质水产养殖品种,亚东鲑为棕鳟的同物异名,是19世纪西藏由欧洲引进.为探索杂种优势,对亚东鲑和虹鳟进行杂交试验,对其子一代幼鱼与虹鳟、棕鳟进行了体长和体质量测定.采用ITS1基因分析其遗传关系,并与巴基斯坦引进的棕鳟对比研究.结果发现F1代体长、体质量增长快于虹鳟、棕鳟,其遗传多样性高于亚东鲑和虹鳟,略低于棕鳟,表明F1代具有一定杂种优势.此外,棕鳟较高的遗传多样性也反映出从巴基斯坦引进的发眼卵遗传背景较好,具有进一步养殖选育的潜力.