通风不畅房间火灾火焰结构的观察和模拟结果比较

摘要

This study is aimed at characterizing the dynamics of compartment fires under poorly ventilated conditions.The study considers four cases that correspond to different values of the fire room global equivalence ratio and are representative of strikingly different flame behaviors.The study is based on a detailed comparison between experimental and computational data.The numerical simulations are performed with the Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS)developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology,USA.The comparative tests serve to evaluate the general ability of FDS to describe the transition from over-to under-ventilated fire conditions,as well as the transition from extinction-free conditions to conditions in which the flame experiences partial or total quenching.%主要目的是研究通风不畅条件下房间火灾动力学特性.研究考虑了四种情况,对应于起火房间全球等效比率的不同数值,代表了差别极大的火焰特性.本研究把试验和计算模拟数据进行了详细的时比,并用美国NIST开发的FDS模拟软件进行了数字模拟.对比试验可用来评价FDS模拟火灾条件从过度通风到通风不畅的转变以及不扑灭火焰到部分或全部将火焰扑灭情况转变的能力.