乙型肝炎患者用药与药品不良反应分析

摘要

目的：探讨乙型肝炎患者用药与药品不良反应（ADR）的关系，促进乙型肝炎患者的合理用药。方法：对2011年7月至2012年12月出院的336例乙型肝炎患者病历，从患者年龄、性别、给药途径、用药种数、ADR报告例数等，分析药物使用情况与ADR发生的关系。结果：336例患者中有55例ADR报告；静脉用药平均为8.8种，口服用药平均为3.1种，发生ADR的例数分别为49例、7例；使用5种以下药物的患者有28例，使用5～9种药物的有207例，使用10种以上药物的有101例，发生ADR的例数分别为2例、15例、39例；发生ADR患者的年龄段，35岁以下的有8例，35～50岁的有13例，50岁以上的有22例。结论：静脉给药、使用药物种数过多、高龄均是造成乙肝患者ADR的高危因素。临床应本着安全、有效、合理的用药原则对患者实施药物治疗。%OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between medication and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patents with hepatitis B so as to promote rational use of drugs for hepatitis B. METHODS:A total of 336 medical records of patients with hepa-titis B discharged form hospital between July 2011 and December 2012 were reviewed with regard to patient’s age and sex,route of administration,number of drug species applied,and number of ADR cases so as to analyze the relationship between medication and adverse drug reactions. RESULTS:Of the total 336 patients,55 presented with ADRs;an average of 8.8 intravenous drugs vs. 3.1 oral drugs were used,with an average of 49 vs. 7 presenting with ADR. 28 patients used no more than five drugs,207 used 5 to 9 drugs and 101 used more than 10 drugs,with 2,15 and 39 presenting with ADRs;8 ADR cases aged below 35 years,13 be-tween 35 and 50 years and 22 over 50 years. CONCLUSIONS:The intravenous administration,use of great number of drugs and advanced age are risk factors for ADR in patients with hepatitis B. Clinical drug treatment should be performed in a principle of safe,effective and rational drug use.