葡萄糖酸钙口服液在预防机采血小板献血不良反应中的应用

摘要

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the preventive efficacy of calcium gluconate oral liquid against apheresis platelet donation-induced adverse reaction.METHODS:From July 2012 to June 2013 , a total of 248 cases of apheresis platelet donors in our blood center were assigned to control group giving none treatment during blood collection, with 1 treatment unit of blood collected once in 140 cases and 2 treatment units of blood collected once in 108 cases; from July 2013 to June 2014, another 288 cases of apheresis platelet donors in the observation group were administered with calcium gluconate oral liquid before blood collection, with 1 treatment unit of blood collected once in 152 cases and 2 treatment units of blood collected once in 136 cases.The incidence of adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.RESULTS:Adverse reactions were noted in 2.63% ( 4/152 ) of the one treatment unit apheresis platelet donors, 3.68%(5/136) of the two treatment units apheresis platelet donors and 3.13%(9/288) of the total patients in the observation group, which were significantly less than in the control group [ 22.14%(31/140), 35.19%(38/108) and 27.82% (69/248) respectively] (P<0.05).The incidence of citrate reaction in the observation group was significantly less than in the control group [55.56%(5/9) vs.81.16%(56/69);P<0.05].CONCLUSIONS:Citrate reaction is the predominant adverse reaction in apheresis platelet donors.Administration of calcium gluconate oral liquid before platelet collection can significantly prevent or reduce the incidence of apheresis platelet donation-induced adverse reaction, which thus is worthy of clinical recommendation.%目的：观察葡萄糖酸钙口服液预防机采血小板献血不良反应的效果。方法：选择惠州市中心血站2012年7月—2013年6月248例机采血小板献血者作为对照组，采血期间不做任何处理，其中140例1次采1个治疗单位，108例1次采2个治疗单位；选择2013年7月—2014年6月288例采血前口服葡萄糖酸钙口服液的机采血小板献血者作为观察组，其中152例1次采1个治疗单位，136例1次采2个治疗单位。比较2组献血者不良反应发生情况。结果：观察组采集1个治疗单位、2个治疗单位献血者不良反应发生率及总不良反应发生率分别为2．63％（4／152）、3．68％（5／136）和3．13％（9／288），明显的低于对照组的22．14％（31／140）、35．19％（38／108）和27．82％（69／248），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；观察组献血者枸橼酸盐反应发生率（55．56％，5／9）明显低于对照组（81．16％，56／69），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：献血不良反应主要以枸橼酸盐反应为主，在进行血小板采集前服用葡萄糖酸钙口服液，可以明显预防或减少机采血小板不良反应发生，值得临床推广应用。