碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料低温环境适应性试验设计与分析

摘要

Objective To design environmental worthiness experiments of carbon fiber reinforced nylon composites at low temperature,analyze aging regularities and mechanics properties change in low temperature environment,and research the environmental worthiness of material at low temperature.Methods Impact strength of carbon fiber reinforced Nylon composites was taken as the primary character.Impact samples were test at-50 ℃.The impact strength was measured on schedule to analyze mechanical property and aging tendency in different experiment conditions.Results The carbon fiber reinforced Nylon composites became brittle and the impact strength fell 40％ over at low temperature.But the composites material's impact strength would recover to original,when the temperature rose to normal from low.Conclusion The shock resistance of carbon fiber reinforced nylon composites used at low temperature falls apparently and becomes brittle.But the material has good low temperature storage performance.In combination with the natural test result,it can be deemed that the material has good h environmental worthiness.%目的 设计碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料低温环境适应性试验,分析低温环境中材料性能变化特征和老化规律,研究该材料在低温条件下的环境适应性.方法 选取碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料的冲击强度为主要表征指标,对制备的缺口冲击试样开展-50℃低温试验和寒冷低温气候的自然环境试验,定期测试其冲击强度性能,分析各试验条件下力学性能特征和老化趋势.结果 低温条件下碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料会发生明显脆化,表现为冲击强度下降达40％以上,而从低温恢复到常温状态,该材料性能亦会恢复到稳定值附近.结论针对碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料在低温环境下的环境适应性,其低温使用时抗冲击能力会明显下降,出现“脆化”现象,但该材料低温贮存性能较为优异,结合自然环境试验结果,可认为,低温环境下该材料具有较好的环境适应性.