45#钢和Q235在不同水环境中的腐蚀行为研究

摘要

目的 研究碳钢在不同水环境条件下的腐蚀行为.方法 通过开展45#钢及Q235两种典型的碳钢材料在淡海水交替、海水及淡水自然环境下2年的暴露试验,将三种环境下材料的腐蚀形貌、腐蚀速率进行对比,总结3种材料在不同水环境下的腐蚀规律,对其腐蚀机理进行了简要的探讨,并对其长周期的腐蚀行为进行预测.结果 对45#钢来说,淡海水环境对其的影响是海水环境下的92%,淡水环境的影响是海水环境下的46%;对Q235来说,淡海水环境对其的影响是海水环境下的88%,淡水环境的影响是海水环境的53%.结论 碳钢在海水环境下耐蚀性最差,在淡海水交替自然环境下次之,在淡水环境下的耐蚀性能最好.%Objective To study corrosion behaviors of carbon steel in different water circumstances.Methods Two kinds of typical metals, including 45# and Q235 carbon steel, were exposed in seawater, freshwater and natural environ-ment alternatively between seawater/freshwater for 2 years to compare data on corrosion morphology and corrosion rate. The corrosion rules of 2 kinds of materials in different water circumstances were summarized. The corrosion mechanism was discussed, and the long-term corrosion behaviors were also predicted.Results For 45# steel, influences of brackish water environment was 92% of seawater environment, influences of freshwater environment was 46% of seawater envi-ronment; for Q235 steel, influences of brackish water environment was88% of seawater environment; influences of freshwater environment was 53% of seawater environment.Conclusion The corrosion resistance of carbon steel is the poorest in seawater environment, medium in brackish water environment and the best in freshwater environment.