废旧锂电池中有价金属的回收技术研究

摘要

锂电池以其优异的性能得到了广泛的应用,其废弃量也在逐步增加.如果不对其进行有效的处理回收,不仅给环境保护带来巨大的压力,而且也会造成钴、锂、镍和锰等有价金属的极大浪费.综述了国内外对废旧锂电池回收技术的研究现状,比较了不同回收途径的优缺点,讨论了回收技术的发展方向,着重介绍了共沉淀法在废旧锂电池有价金属回收中的应用.此外,随着锂离子电池生产技术的发展,新的电极材料将会出现并取代过渡金属氧化物,同时也需要相应的电解液与之匹配,这将向废旧锂电池回收技术提出了新的要求.%The lithium battery has a wide range of applications for its excellent performance,and the abandoned spent lithium battery is also increasing.Without effective treatment,the spent lithium battery is not only threatening the natural environment,but also wasting the nonrenewable metal resources of cobalt,lithium,nickel and manganese,etc.This review stated briefly the recent progress of the recovery technique of the spent lithium batteries,compared the advantages and disadvantages of the different recovery pathways,discussed the possible strategies of the recovery technique for the spent lithium batteries and put emphasis on co-precipitation method for the valuable metals in the spent lithium batteries.The fact that development of the manufacture technologies of lithium batteries will change their composition elements means that their electrode materials and electrolyte will definitely be changed continually and therefore the studies of technologies for recycling the spent lithium batteries will consequently be changed.This will affect the direction of research work on the recycling technologies of the spent lithium batteries.