嘉兴市水污染源解析及等标污染负荷评价

摘要

研究水环境污染的主要来源及主要污染物，对于区域水污染治理具有重要意义。本文通过分析嘉兴市各类污染物入河量，以及污染物等标排放量的计算，得出了嘉兴市水环境污染的主要污染物和主要污染源。结果表明，嘉兴市面源污染物的入河量大于点源，畜禽养殖是面源污染的主要来源，也是总磷的主要来源。点污染的主要来源是城镇生活，其中，桐乡市污染物入河量最大，各区县的污染物入河量总体服从桐乡市﹥南湖区﹥嘉善县﹥平湖市﹥海宁市﹥秀洲区﹥海盐县的分布。等标污染负荷的方法显示：嘉兴市的主要污染源是畜禽养殖、城镇生活和农田；总氮、氨氮和总磷为主要污染物。%It has a great significance for the regional water pollution control to analyse the main sources of water pollution. In order to understand the major pollutants and the main pollution sources of Jiaxing ,the amount of pollutants into the river and Equivalent Standard Pollution Load of pollu-tants were calculated. The results showed that the absolute discharge amount of non-point source pollution( NPSP)in Jiaxing was larger than that of point source pollution. The livestock breeding was the main pollution source of total phosphorus and NPSP. The main source of point source pollu-tion was city domestic sewage. The amount of pollutants from Tongxiang into the river was the lar-gest. The pollution extent was Tongxiang ﹥ Nanhu ﹥ Jiashan ﹥ Pinghu ﹥ Haining ﹥ Xiuzhou ﹥Haiyan. According to pollution stress,the main pollutants were total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus,and the main sources of pollution were livestock breeding,city domestic sewage and farmland.