利用油料植物废料制备活性炭的研究

摘要

The activated carbon were prepared from rapeseed residues,walnut shell,and sunflower seed shell with KOH as activating agent. The carbon contents of the activated carbons made from dif-ferent carboneous materials were investigated. The influences of the ratio of carbon to KOH on the adsorption capacity were investigated by methylene blue test adsorption method. The results shows that after carbonization the sunflower seed shell contains the highest carbon content of 39 . 08%,and the carbon contents of rapeseed residues and walnut shell are 37. 25% and 35. 27%,respectively. With the increase of initial concentration of methylene blue reagent,the removal rate of methylene blue by the activated carbon decreased. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon prepared un-der the ratio of carbon to KOH 11 is far lower than 14. However,under the best concentration of methylene blue,the activated carbon made by sunflower seed shell contains the best adsorption ca-pacity,of which the adsorption value is 188. 8mg/g.%通过对油菜籽残渣、核桃壳、葵瓜子壳等废料在一定温度下进行炭化，并以氢氧化钾作为活化剂，在高温下活化得到不同的活性炭样本。对不同植物废渣的含碳量进行了比较，采用吸附亚甲基蓝与比色的方法比较不同炭碱比下制备的活性炭的吸附能力。结果表面：充分炭化后的油菜籽残渣的含碳量为37．25％，核桃壳含碳量为35．27％，葵花瓜子壳含碳量最高为39．08％，相比于核桃壳含碳量增加了约10％；随着亚甲基蓝试剂初始浓度的增加，活性炭对亚甲基蓝的去除率逐渐降低；在炭碱比为11的条件下制备的活性炭吸附量远小于炭碱比为14时制备的活性炭的吸附量；各样品在单位质量活性炭达到饱和时对应的亚甲基蓝质量时，葵瓜子壳的吸附量最佳，达到188．8 mg／g。