榆树市土壤元素地球化学特征及环境质量评价

摘要

To explore the geochemistry of various elements in the soil of Yushu City, it used the GPS to locate the field point and collect the surface soil and deep soil samples in Yushu City. The composition and content of the soil elements were measured by the XKF-X fluorescence spectrometry. The soil geochemical characteristics in Yushu City were analyzed by the SPSS and EXCELL2003 softwares. The results showed that: the contents of required macroelements in the soil of the study area have the distribution of Al>K>Ca>Mg>N>P; the contents of essential trace elements have the feature of Fe>Mn>Zn>B>Cu>Mo; the contents of useful elements have the characteristic of Si>Na>Ni>Co;the contents of the healthy elements have the characteristic of F>I>Se.We found out whether the nutritious elements are rich or lack by the comprehensive pollution index(N.LNemero). The results showed that the pollution index for the study area is 0.66, which generally belongs to the background levels and meets the standard of grade 1 for soil environmental quality, and it is suitable for various planting.%为探讨榆树市土壤中各种元素的地球化学特征,利用GPS野外定点采取榆树市表层及深层土壤样品,采用XRF-X荧光光谱法测定土壤元素的组成及含量,运用SPSS和EXCELL2003软件对榆树市土壤元素地球化学特征进行分析.结果表明:研究区土壤必需的大量元素含量分布规律为Al＞K＞Ca＞Mg＞N＞P;土壤必需的微量元素含量具有Fe＞Mn＞Zn＞B＞Cu＞Mo的特征；土壤有益元素含量具有Si＞Na＞Ni＞Co的区域特征；土壤健康元素含量具有F＞I＞Se的区域特征.运用内梅罗综合指数法计算土壤污染指数,查明营养元素丰缺状况.结果表明:研究区综合污染指数为0.66,总体上属于背景水平,符合一级土壤环境质量标准,适宜种植多种农作物.