落实排污单位主体责任，全面推进排污许可制度改革--对《水污染防治行动计划》的解读

摘要

In the Water Pollution Control Action Plan, It is required that the permit system of pollutant discharge should be fully implemented. It is pointed out that lack of legal binding force, uncertainty of policy orientation and difference of emission accounting methods are the main causes for inefficiency of the existing permit system. Then, key problems such as permit conditions, permit contents and emission accounting methods are analyzed. According to the above analysis, suggestions are proposed for promoting the reform of the tradable permit system. Point source pollution management system based on the tradable permit should be established. With focus on emission accounting and in combination with the total amount control system and permit trading system, implementation of the main body responsibility of the pollutant discharge units should be strengthened, with strict legal enforcement and punishment.%《水污染防治行动计划》提出要全面推行排污许可制度。文章指出法律约束力不强、制度定位不明确、许可量核定方法不统一是现行排污许可制度未发挥效用的主要原因，进而对许可条件、许可内容、许可量核定等关键问题进行了分析。根据前述分析，文章提出推进排污许可制度改革的建议，应当构建基于排污许可的点源污染管理体系，以排放量核算为重点，结合总量控制制度、排污权交易制度，强调落实排污单位主体责任，严格执法与处罚。