锂离子电池替代铅蓄电池的环境风险对比分析与思考

摘要

Lithium ion battery (LIB) and Lead-acid battery (LAB) are the main storage batteries in China's market now. There are large differences in the component, production technology and process, price level, utilization and recycling process of the two batteries. Environmental risks of the two batteries are analyzed and the results show that both LIB and LAB have advantages and disadvantages. Thorough replacement or elimination of LAB is not comprehensive andobjective. Therefore, at present, it is practical to mutually make up their deficiencies and complement their advantages for common development.%目前中国市场上使用的蓄电池主要为锂离子电池和铅蓄电池,这两种电池在组成材料、技术成熟度、价格水平、生产使用过程及再利用过程等方面等皆不相同.通过对比分析两种蓄电池环境风险,可以发现锂离子电池和铅蓄电池各自存在优缺点,要"取代"或"淘汰"铅蓄电池是不全面和不客观的,目前比较切合实际的是实现两者的取长补短、优势互补和共同发展.