对太原市2014年重污染天大气污染物浓度变化和时间、空间分布特征进行了分析,全年太原市城区有28个重度以上污染天,首要污染物为细颗粒物,集中出现于采暖期和10月.重污染期间,冬季PM2. 5、PM10、SO2、NO2、CO浓度之间显著正相关,但均与O3显著负相关;主要超标因子PM2. 5、PM10、SO2浓度与风速(2. 0 m/s以上时)显著负相关,与气压(P)总体负相关,与相对湿度(RH)总体正相关.重污染天城区大气污染物浓度空间分布南北差异明显、南部高于北部,聚类分析结果显示,城区北部远郊的南寨和上兰有类似污染特征,城区中部尖草坪、桃园、小店、金胜等点具有类似颗粒物污染特征,污染物分布主要与区域地形、风向、污染源分布特征有关.基于重污染天特征,该项研究提出了减缓太原市大气污染的建议.%In this paper, the pollutant concentration variation and the temporal and spatial distribution of pollutants in heavy pollution days of Taiyuan City in 2014 were analyzed. There were totally 28 heavy pollution days in the year in Taiyuan, and PM2. 5 was the primary air pollutant. The heavy pollution days appeared in the heating season and October. During the heavy pollution period, there was a significant positive correlation among PM2. 5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO, which were all significantly negatively correlated with O3 in winter. The concentrations of PM2. 5, PM10 and SO2 were significantly negatively correlated with the wind speed above 2. 0 m/s and negatively correlated with pressure, but positively correlated with relative humidity. Spatial distribution of the concentrations of air pollutants was obviously different from the north to the south in the urban areas, with the concentration of Southern area higher. The results from cluster analysis showed that there were similar pollution characteristics for Nanzhai and Shanglan in the north outer suburbs of the city, and similar particle pollution characteristics among Jiancaoping, Taoyuan, Xiaodian and Jinsheng in the middle of the city. The pollutants distribution was mainly related to regional topography, wind direction and distribution characteristics of the pollution sources. On the basis of the characteristics of the heavy pollution days, some suggestions of air pollution mitigation in Taiyuan were put forward.
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