固体废物属性鉴别现状、问题和对策分析

摘要

The importation solid waste management policy of China was introduced briefly in this paper. As the technical support of port,solid waste characteristic identification played an important role in importation solid waste management. In combination with years of solid waste identification practice,the source,kind and characteristic of importation solid waste was analyzed comprehensively. The main exported countries of nonimportation solid waste were Japan,Thailand,Korea and Saudi Arabia. The main types were nonferrous metal containing solid waste, terephthalic acid containing organic solid waste,solid waste used as fertilizer and electronic solid waste. So,China shouldered heavy responsibility in fighting against illegal solid waste importation. The key problem of solid waste identification was discussed and development countermeasure was provided specifically.%简要介绍了中国进口固体废物的管理政策,阐述了固体废物属性鉴别在进口固体废物管理方面的重要作用,是口岸加强进口固体废物监管的重要技术支持依据.结合多年的鉴别案例,全面分析了中国进口固体废物的来源、种类及其特点,表明禁止进口固体废物主要来源国为日本、泰国、韩国和沙特阿拉伯；主要种类为含有色金属固体废物、含对苯二甲酸等的有机固体废物、用作肥料的固体废物、电子电器固体废物,表明中国打击非法进口固体废物的工作任重道远.重点分析了当前固体废物鉴别工作的主要问题,有针对性地提出了发展对策.