空气污染暴露风险的社会结构地位差异分析——基于辽宁省的实证调查

摘要

个体拥有的社会结构地位决定其拥有不同环境风险应对能力,导致暴露风险呈现阶层化.利用辽宁省14个城市调研数据实证分析了社会结构地位对空气污染暴露风险差异的影响.研究发现:个体受教育程度越高,空气污染暴露风险防范意识和风险规避能力越强,环境污染暴露风险越低;高收入群体不仅对高环境质量更具偏好而且具备风险规避的经济基础,承受的空气污染暴露风险较低;公有单位就业个体承受的空气污染风险暴露低于私有单位就业个体;年龄与空气污染暴露风险之间存在倒“U”型非线性关系.%Individual's social status determined different risk resistance capacity which led to stratification phenomenon.Survey data were collected from 14 cities in Liaoning Province to analyze the influence of social status on the air pollution exposure risk.The results showed that the higher level of education meant the better risk consciousness and risk aversion which led to lower air pollution exposure risk,the high-income group were more favorable for high environmental quality and had better economic foundation for risk aversion which led to lower air pollution exposure risk.People who worked in public sectors suffered less air pollution exposure risk than people who worked in private sectors.There was inverted "U" shape nonlinear relationship between age and air pollution exposure risk.