北方季节性河流保障环境流量研究

摘要

According to the present situation of the coexistence of environmental flow shortage and pollution for northern seasonal rivers,from the perspective of dualistic water cycle,a analysis method of environmental flow was proposed that based on water quality and quantity balance of river or rivers.In the case of Jialu River,typical heavily polluted rivers,based on river runoff and water quality characteristics,in order to meet the objectives and requirements of the premise,the safeguard countermeasures and suggestions of environmental flow were put forward.The results showed that:in order to improve the recent water quality,in stricter governance and supervision,based on 2013 and 2014 data,the environmental flow should be newly increased with 1.55 m3/s (49 million m3/a) and 8.10 m3/s (255 million m3/a) separately.Its total economic cost were 490 million yuan and 552 million yuan respectively,and were 0.08％ of GDP in Zhengzhou.The allocation of environmental flow could rely on diversion projects,and its economy and water way were feasible.%针对北方季节性河流环境流量短缺和污染并存的现状,从二元水循环的角度,提出一种建立在河流或河段的水量水质平衡基础上的环境流量分析方法;以典型重污染河流——贾鲁河为例,基于河流径流和水质特征,以满足水质目标要求为前提,提出保障环境流量的对策建议.结果表明:为改善河流近期水质,在提标治理和进一步严格监管的同时,基于2013、2014年数据,需新增环境流量分别为1.55 m3/s(折合0.49亿m3/a)和8.10 m3/s(折合2.55亿m3/a),其经济总成本分别为4.90亿、5.52亿元,占郑州市生产总值的0.08％.可依托现状引水工程进行保障环境流量水资源的调配,经济及水源途径可行.