对天津市某化工园区9个主要污染企业及总排放口的废水进行监测分析,测定了12项水质常规指标和8项重金属指标,采用主成分分析法和生物毒性测试对化工区废水的水质进行了综合评价.结果表明,水质指标中大部分常规项目(如COD、氨氮和重金属含量)在多数企业污水中都符合排放标准,总氮、总磷污染较重,其中磷的污染最严重,最高超标23.83倍；影响污水性质的第一主成分为氯化物、电导率、全盐量和Cr,第二主成分为溶解氧、悬浮物、氨氮、总氮、总磷和As;废水具有一定的生物毒性,且不同化工企业之间毒性差异较大.水质化学测定的结果和生物毒性程度有一定相关性,但也存在差异,应该结合两者综合评价水质污染特征.%An investigation was carried out on the pollution of waste water in chemical enterprises of industry park in Tianjin. Based on biological toxicity test and principal component analysis on 12 general indexes and 8 heavy metals, comprehensive assessment was conducted on the waste water quality. The results indicate that most water quality indexes were under the discharge standard. The waste water was polluted by total N and total P, with total P a level of 23. 83 times higher than waste water discharging standard. The first principal components were chloride, electro - conductivity, total salt and total Cr. The second principal components were dissolved oxygen, suspended substance, NH3-N, total N, total P and As. The waste water is toxic to some extent and the toxicity differed greatly among different enterprises. A comprehensive assessment should be carried on based on both chemical analysis and toxicity test.
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