京津冀环境不平等的探讨与研究--工业烟（粉）尘排放量为例

摘要

We calculated the environmental Gini coefficients of industrial soot (dust) emission based on the population, GDP, acreage, and gross industrial output value of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions to investigate the environmental inequality problem. The Gini coefficient values demonstrated that obvious environmental inequality existed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions. Moreover, according to the analysis of the values of population burden coefficient, green contribution coefficient, ecology burden coefficient and industrial contribution coefficient, a fact is demonstrated that the three cities of Xingtai, Handan, and Tangshan mainly caused the environmental inequality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions. In order to decrease the environmental inequality, the developing modes in these cities need to be changed to the coordinated development of economy, resource and environment. We believe that the environmental Gini coefficient values determined by multi-indicators and contribution coefficients are more accurate than a single indicator, which can reflect the regional environmental inequality and help us to ascertain the distribution of inequality factors.%为了研究京津冀地区环境不平等问题的现状，本文以工业烟（粉）尘排放为例，计算了2014年京津冀地区基于人口、 GDP、土地面积以及工业总产值，四项指标对应的的环境基尼系数。通过计算结果分析，环境基尼系数均超过了国际“警戒线”－0．4，表明京津冀地区存在着明显的环境不平等问题；通过对人口负担系数、绿色贡献系数、生态负担系数以及工业贡献系数的对比分析，表明邢台、邯郸和唐山是引起京津冀环境不平等的主要因子，而较之单一指标，基于多项指标在对环境不平等的研究与评价时更为科学合理。为改变环境不平等的现状，京津冀地区应制定相应的政策，实现人口、经济、生态以及工业与环境之间的协调发展。