连续玻璃纤维增强聚氨酯复合材料的力学性能

摘要

为了代替传统的钢制鱼尾板与绝缘部件组成的"机械绝缘接头",通过拉挤成型制备了连续玻璃纤维(GF)质量分数高达70.5%的聚氨酯/玻璃纤维(PUR/GF)复合材料.分别对复合材料在0° 和90° 方向进行了拉伸、弯曲和压缩性能测试;同时,结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了拉伸断口,分析了GF在PUR基体中的分布情况及复合材料在拉伸试验中的断裂机理.研究结果表明,0° 方向的拉伸强度、弯曲强度以及压缩强度都有很明显的提高,且均符合钢轨鱼尾板的强度标准.%In order to replace the mechanical insulation joint which is consisted of traditional steel fishplate and insulating components,polyurethane/continuous glass fiber composites were prepared by pultrusion,with its continuous glass fiber content up to 70.5%.The tensile,flexure,and compression properties were tested in 0° and 90° directions of the composites,respectively. At the same time,the distribution of the continuous glass fiber in the polyurethane matrix and the tensile failure mechanism of the test specimens were observed by SEM. The results show that the tensile strength,flexure strength,and compression strength of the composite are obviously improved in 0° direction. Furthermore,all the three kinds of strength properties meet the requirements of steel fishplate.