Lithium-ion batteries have gained rapid development in the field of frequency regulation of energy storage power stations. In order to meet the voltage and power requirements of the frequency modulation power station, a large number of battery cells need to be connected in series, then battery cells imbalance problem may occur. Moreover, the high rate and frequent switching of the charge and discharge state of battery packs in the frequency modulation process increase the degree of inconsistency, which seriously affects the cycle life and safety performance of the battery packs. In view of the problems mentioned above, this paper summarizes the causes of the inconsistency problem of series-connected lithium-ion battery packs, and evaluates the strategies which are used to improve the consistency of the battery packs. Among them, the balancing topologies are sorted according to the energy flow, while the balancing strategies are based on the different objectives. On this basis, the development trend of equalization technology for lithium-ion frequency modulation battery packs is prospected.%近年来, 锂离子电池在储能电站调频领域得到了飞速发展.为满足调频电站的电压和功率要求, 需将大量电池单体进行串联, 如此产生的电池组串联不一致性问题, 以及调频过程中高倍率和频繁切换充放电状态对不一致性程度的加剧, 严重影响电池组的使用寿命和安全性能.针对上述问题, 本文基于调频储能串联锂离子电池模组不一致性问题的形成原因, 归纳分析用于改善电池组串联不一致性问题的均衡技术和均衡策略.其中, 均衡拓扑结构按能量流向角度进行分类梳理, 均衡控制策略则基于均衡的不同目标进行优劣分析.在此基础上对锂离子调频电池模组均衡技术的发展趋势进行展望.
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