The South China Sea is among the undersea oil enrichment areas in the world, and is also the most important oil and gas transportation pipeline in East Asia. The South China Sea issue is in essence the overlapping issue of territorial sovereignty dispute and proposal of maritime rights and interests caused by the invasion of several islands and reefs in China' Nansha Island. Recent years, America' eastward strategy and makes the issue complicated, diversified, and turn out to be one of the most hot spots in current world. China, as a rising country, is faced with not only the frequent provocation to its sovereign rights from Vietnam, Philippines, etc., but also challenges to contain and suppress it from America and Japan. Faced with the new situation of the South China Sea energy geopolitics, China should reply with clam and grace, cope with the relation between land and oceans from a strategic guiding ideology, enhance the nation's ocean consciousness, handle all relationships of the South China Sea and the East China Sea properly, build the situation for both sides to defend the sovereignty together; handle the relation between "anti-aggression" and "anti-access" well; deal with relation of strategic lasting and tactical victory, and be prepared for lasting struggle; deal with the relation of rights and dimensional stability, and always take safeguard state sovereignty rights as foundation.%南海是世界海底石油的富集区之一,也是东亚最重要的油气运输通道.南海问题本质上是中国南沙群岛的部分岛礁被侵占所引发的领土主权争议及相关海域海洋权益主张重叠问题.近几年来,美国战略东移,使南海问题复杂化、多边化,成为当今世界能源地缘政治的热点地区之一.正在崛起的中国不但面对越南、菲律宾等国对本国主权的频繁挑衅,而且面对美日等国围堵、遏制中国的挑战.面对南海能源地缘政治新形势,中国需要冷静思考、从容应对,从战略指导思想上处理好陆地与海洋关系,加强全民族的海洋意识；处理好南海与东海的关系,营造两岸联手保卫主权局面；处理好“反侵略”与“反介入”的关系；处理好战略上持久与战术上速胜的关系,做好持久斗争的思想准备；处理好维权与维稳的关系,始终把维护国家主权权益作为根本.
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