为了对含多处损伤的悬臂梁结构进行损伤检测定位,基于模态应变能法,采用大型有限元软件ABAQUS进行模态分析,使用其他设备进行模态实验测试,获得了悬臂梁结构在损伤前后的低阶模态应变能,并以应变能差值作为损伤指标对其进行损伤识别.仿真和实验结果表明,利用模态应变能可有效地对含多处损伤的悬臂梁结构进行损伤定位.在方法有效性验证的基础上,进一步综合分析了实验检测中测点布置、传感器数量、传感器位置以及模态阶数等因素对梁结构损伤检测定位的影响,研究表明:利用前3阶模态即可对含多处损伤的梁结构进行损伤定位,且测点布置间距与梁宽度相当时定位效果较理想;此外,传感器数量对损伤检测定位影响不明显.%In order to detect the damage locations of the cantilever beam with multiple damages,modal analysis based on the large commercial finite element software ABAQUS and modal experiment test method were adopted by using modal strain energy method.The low-order modal strain energy before and after damage of a cantilever beam structure was obtained,and the strain energy difference was used as damage index to identify the damage.The simulation and experimental results showed that the modal strain energy can be used to locate the damages of the cantilever beam.Based on the validation of the effectiveness of the method,the influencing factors of the beam structure damage detection were analyzed,including the arrangement of measuring points,the number of sensors,the position of sensors and the number of modal order.The result demonstrated that:1) The damage location of the beam with multiple damages can be detected by the first three order of modals,and the locating effect is the ideal when the distance between the measuring points is roughly equal to the width of the beam;and 2) The number of sensors has no obvious effect on the damage detection and localization.
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