The design and realization of a practical small-scale photovoltaic microgrid is proposed. With the maximum annual power generation as its objective,the installed capacity and installation method of its photovoltaic components are determined according to local meteorological data,building space,power load and difference of power generation among different tilts. The master-slave microgrid is adopted with the bi-directional battery converter as its core and its operating mode can be chosen by its superordinate controller to optimize its operation. The steady and transient performances in different operating modes are analyzed. The experimental results show that,the designed photovoltaic microgrid can operate in both grid-connected and islanded modes,steadily changing over from one mode to another,and increase the reliability of power supply.%详细介绍了一个与建筑结合的小型光伏微网系统的实现方法,结合具体应用地点的气象数据、具体建筑的空间及用电负荷情况,通过对比不同倾角情况下的发电量差异,确定了以年发电量最大为目标的各部分光伏组件的安装容量及安装方式.以蓄电池双向逆变器为核心,确定了主从型光伏微网系统的设计方案并加以实现,并通过上层控制器可以设置系统工作在不同的运行模式,优化系统运行.分析了系统在不同运行模式下的稳态及暂态性能.实验测试结果表明,该系统能稳定运行于联网模式和孤岛模式,并能实现二者之间的平稳切换,提高了能量供给的可靠性.
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