低速直驱式大功率永磁同步电动机振动特性研究

摘要

电机电磁噪声的主要来源是定子铁心和机壳的振动,转子偏心也会产生不平衡磁拉力,并导致电动机产生振动和噪声.采用低速直驱方式时,振动会直接传递到与电机系统相连的其他设备上,更易造成部件的疲劳或损坏.为预知低速直驱式大功率永磁同步电动机的振动特性,限制其振动和噪声水平.基于有限元方法,对该类电机定子进行了谐响应数值分析,并完成了转子的不平衡响应分析与计算.随后通过振动试验测试的方法,验证了理论分析的正确性.最终揭示出该类电机振动响应特性,进而为其减振降噪和结构优化设计提供必要的理论依据.%Electromagnetic noise mainly comes from the vibration between the motor stator core and shell,and an eccentric rotor produces unbalanced magnetic pull,and causes the motor to produce vibration and noise.Under low speed direct drive mode,the vibration is directly transmitted to other devices that connected to the motor system,which would produce more fatigue or damage.To predict the vibration characteristics of a low speed direct drive PMSM,and limit the levels of vibration and noise,based on the FEM,the stator harmonic numerical analysis was carried out,and rotor unbalance response calculation analysis was completed.Using vibration test,the theoretical analysis were verified.Finally,the vibration response characteristics of these motors were revealed,which provides the necessary theoretical basis for vibration and noise reduction,so did the structure optimize design.