舰船推进系统中永磁同步电机的滑模控制

摘要

舰船电力推进系统中的永磁同步电机长期浸泡在海水中,工作环境复杂,诸如温度、湿度、海水冲击等不利因素限制了机械传感器的使用,而对其控制系统又要求动态响应快、鲁棒性强、可靠性高.采用扩展卡尔曼滤波器进行电机位置和速度辨识的成熟方案解决复杂环境对机械传感器的限制问题；针对传统滑模控制存在抖振的问题,设计了一种带有干扰观测器的滑模控制器,运用干扰观测器来观测系统中存在的干扰量,并用此观测值作为前馈量补偿到滑模控制器的输入端,来消除抖振实现对电机的精确控制,最后通过Matlab仿真证明了此种控制系统对参数与负载变化有较强的鲁棒性,动态响应快.%PMSM in the driving system of vessel is always marinated in seawater,the work condition is complex,mechanical sensor is confined by the unfavorable facturs of temperatrre,moist,seawater erode and so on; moreover,the criterion of PMSM ＇ s control system are quickly dynamic response and highly stabilization.Instead of mechanical sensor,an extended kalman filter (EKF) was used to detect the position and speed of rotor.Beacause conventional sliding mode variable structure control system would appear chattering in the actual applications,a novel sliding mode variable structure controller with a disturbance observer was proposed.The disturbance observer was used to eliminate the intrinsic chattering,simulation results demonstrate that the designed controller enhances system robustness and ensures good dynamic and static performances.