面向国际合作的全球性灵活碳减排价格机制研究

摘要

It is of great significance for the international community to establish a stable and effective international cooperation mechanism for carbon reduction.Considering the problems in global carbon reduction cooperation existing in Kyoto Protocol,this paper formulates the flexible global carbon reduction price mechanism.With regard to the different carbon price level in various countries,the models of price incentives and clean development incentives are constructed to guide countries to improve carbon price and make the average global carbon price equal to the target global carbon price.Finally,through a predicted case study,this research analyzes the impacts of global carbon reduction price mechanism on China,the U.S.,European Union and India.The results show that the proposed price mechanism could meet flexibility requirement of carbon emission cap and trade mechanism,and that the mechanism would not increase social costs.%如何形成一个稳定、有效的碳减排国际合作机制是目前国际社会关注的重要问题。分析了京都议定书在全球碳减排合作方面存在的问题,构建了一个全球性灵活碳减排价格机制,基于各国的碳价格水平,通过价格激励模型和清洁发展激励模型,引导各国提高碳价格,促使全球碳价格平均值等于全球碳价格目标值。通过预测性的实例分析,研究全球性碳减排价格机制对中国、美国、欧盟和印度的影响。分析结果表明,全球性碳减排价格机制可操作性较强,能够满足碳排放限额与交易机制所需的灵活性,而且,全球性灵活碳减排价格机制并未引起较高的社会成本。