张掖属国确为汉武帝时所设，其地望在张掖郡南部黑河上游地区。但其始设年代既不是太初末至天汉年间（前101-前97），也未迟至征和三年（前90），而是在此以前的元封四年（前107）。设置张掖属国是为了安置归降的小月氏部落，故其民族构成也以小月氏为主。留居河西的匈奴人数量有限，不足以构成张掖属国的主要成分。汉代张掖属国的设立，为切实“隔绝羌胡”、实现“断匈奴右臂”的战略，发挥了重要作用。%The Zhangye vassal, which was situated on the upper basin of the Heihe River in south Zhangye, was established during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty for the surrendered clan of the Xiaoyuezi. It was not established in the early period between the end of the Taichu and Tianhan eras (101-97 BCE), nor as late as in the third year of the Zhenghe era (90 BCE), but in the fourth year of the Yuanfeng era (107 BCE). Therefore, the Xiaoyuezi people constituted the main body of the population in Zhangye, whereas the Xiongnu people who filtered into Hexi were not numerous enough to be the majority of the Zhangye vassal’s population. The establishment of the vassal system played an important role in “weakening the Xiongnu” by“isolating them from the Qiang people”.
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