丝绸之路开通后，敦煌因地处其“咽喉之地”，成为“华戎所交一都会”，成为佛教最早传入中国的文化交汇大舞台。本文即从“时”（时代背景）、“地”（地理环境）、“人”（求法开窟僧）三个方面，综合论述了一千六百多年前敦煌莫高窟的开窟因缘，指出乐僔等人最初营造的佛窟形式与内容，一定是既有浓郁的中亚、西域风貌，又融合了中原汉地风格，展现出多民族文化艺术风情，为一个多元文明、昌盛繁荣的莫高窟的形成发展，奠定了扎实的基础。%Since the opening of the Silk Road, Dunhuang became a hub of traffic and a metropolitan area where Chinese and non-Chinese lived together, circumstances that provided a large stage of cultural conver-gence for Buddhism in its earliest dissemination into china. From inspection of three aspects—historical back-ground, geographical environment, and the activities of wandering monks, this paper comprehensively discuss-es the reasons why the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes were constructed over 1600 years ago. The authors conclude that the forms and contents of the earliest caves built by Le Zun and Fa Liang not only evince a strong flavor from Central Asia and the Western Regions, but were also influenced by styles from the Chinese Central Plains, forming a multiethnic cultural and artistic style which laid a firm foundation for the emergence and development of a prosperous Dunhuang.
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