高昌故城城墙保护加固研究

摘要

City wall sites are an important part of ancient Gaochang for their function and position in the framework of the city, and for their historical, scientific, and artistic value. The remaining walls have suffered from various kinds of deterioration caused by natural factors and human activities, however, including serious damage caused by basal sapping, fissuring, and general weathering. The western wall, southern wall, and part of the inner city of Gaochang have been protected and reinforced since 2005 and the conservation project has been effective to some extent, but there remain some problems regarding conservation methods that need improving. This paper calculates the stress and displacement of both consolidated and unconsolidated walls using ANSYS numerical simulation software and assesses the reinforcement effect of past conservation efforts, then carries out optimization calculations for protective methods and construction technologies, hoping to provide reference for the future conservation of earthen sites in Xinjiang.%城墙遗址是高昌故城的重要组成部分，在整个高昌故城的空间格局中有着不可代替的作用和地位，有重要的历史、科学和艺术价值。由于自然因素和人类活动的破坏，现存城墙普遍存在根部掏蚀凹陷、墙体坍塌、裂缝、风化剥落等病害。2005年，丝绸之路（新疆段）大遗址保护项目启动以来，对高昌故城的西城墙、南城墙、部分内城墙进行了保护加固。从工程实际效果看，城墙遗址得到了较好的保护，然而尚存不少问题和有待提高的地方。本文利用ANSYS有限元模拟计算软件模拟计算加固前后的应力及位移状态，结合前几期保护加固措施，在对其进行效果评估基础上，对保护措施和施工工艺进行优化，以期对新疆地区的土遗址加固提供参考。