目的：分析血液透析患者发生医院感染的危险因素以及实施抗菌药物治疗的效果和护理体会。方法：选取咸宁市中心医院2013年7月至2015年7月血液透析患者127例，其中23例患者发生医院感染设置为感染组，将未发生医院感染的104例患者设置为对照组，分析导致感染发生的危险因素，对受到不同细菌感染的患者给予相应的抗菌药物治疗分析最终疗效。结果：患者的年龄、营养状况、低蛋白血症、贫血、糖尿病肾病、血液透析操作的不规范是导致患者发生医院感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)；经过抗菌药物治疗后有效率为91.3%。结论：导致血液透析患者发生医院感染的危险因素较多，年龄较大的患者在免疫机能下降的情况下易发生医院感染，严格规范的使用抗菌药物是控制感染的最有效方法，给予患者规范化的护理措施是控制医院感染的有效措施。%Objective: To analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection, effects of treatment with antimicrobial agents and nursing experience in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods: 127 patients who underwent hemodialysis in Central Hospital of Xianning between July 2013 and July 2015 were studied. Among them, 23 cases with nosocomial infection were included in the infection group, and 104 cases without nosocomial infection were included in the control group. The risk factors for infection were analyzed. Patients infected by different bacteria were given treatment with corresponding antibacterial agents, and the curative effect was analyzed.Results: Age, nutritional status, hypoproteinemia, anemia, diabetic nephropathy and non-standard operation of hemodialysis were the independent risk factors of nosocomial infection (P<0.05); after treatment with antibacterial agents, the effective rate was 91.30%.Conclusion: There are many factors that may cause nosocomial infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis. For elderly patients, nosocomial infection is prone to occur when immune function decreases. Strict and standard use of antibacterial agents is the most effective way to control infection. Standardized nursing measures are effective means for controlling nosocomial infection.
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