对我国残疾预防策略的再思考

摘要

This paper reviewed and introspected the current policies on disability prevention in China. It believed that the object of current disability prevention policies was clear, but systematic design was lacking to the overall strategy and measures for disability prevention. Additionally, the subject of liabilities for disability prevention was not clear, resulting in difficulty in implementation of these policies and plans. Despite many policies and plans were introduced by the government, few resource was allocated for their implementation. Systematic integration was needed although most of current policies and measures for disability prevention were effective. Then the paper proposed suggestions on China’s disability prevention at the next stage:subject of liabilities for disability prevention should be fixed;multi-department systematic work network for disability prevention should be established, comprehensive and intensive prevention, life-time prevention and age-group intensive prevention should be insisted;the implementation link for disability prevention policies should be enhanced and new models for China’s disability prevention should be innovated.%　　本文对我国当前的残疾预防政策进行了回顾和反思，认为当前我国残疾预防政策目标是明确的，但总体预防策略和措施缺乏系统规划；残疾预防工作的责任主体不清，导致很多政策措施和防治规划难于落实；政府出台了较多的残疾预防政策和规划，但实际用于残疾预防的资源不足；现有残疾防控政策和措施尽管取得了一定效果，但囿于零散亟待进一步整合。在以上反思的基础上，提出了下一阶段我国残疾预防的相关建议：尽快明确残疾预防责任主体，坚持多部门社会化系统预防；坚持残疾综合预防与重点预防相结合；坚持全人群终生预防和分年龄段重点预防相结合；强化政策实施环节，落实残疾预防措施，创新残疾预防模式。