'蒸馏水+煤油'混合液作为电火花加工介质的试验研究

摘要

Considering the bad influence to human skin,bad processing surface quality,fire hazard and other disadvantages when choose kerosene as an electrical discharge machining medium and the bad machining accuracy because of the difficulty to control the conductivity when choose pure water as an electrical discharge machining medium,the"water+kerosene"mixture was proposed as an electrical discharge machining medium.In order to study the feasibility,the copper electrode machining workpiece 4Cr5MoSiV1 with the diameter of 8 mm and the length of 40 mm was used. The voltage was 35 V,current was 5 A and both of the pulse width and pulse interval were 50 μs. The result indicated that choosing"Water+kerosene"mixed solution as a medium is feasible be-cause of the high material removal rate,environmental protection and safety.A comparison test of considering Kerosene,water and mixture as the medium respectively was carried out and the con-clusion was that when the proportion of kerosene is 0.5% ~ 2%,the material removal rate was higher than pure kerosene and pure water medium and there was no negative effect on electrode wastage and surface roughness.%鉴于煤油作为电火花加工介质有对人体皮肤有不良影响、加工表面质量不高、有火灾隐患等不足,纯净水作为电火花加工介质难以控制电导率,导致加工精度不高,因此提出了采用"蒸馏水+煤油"混合液作为电火花加工介质.为研究其可行性,采用4745rn8 mm×40 mm电解铜电极加工4Cr5M oSiV1工件,以电压为35 V、电流为5 A、脉冲宽度和脉间宽度均为50 μs为条件进行试验,发现"蒸馏水+煤油"混合液为介质具有可行性,材料去除率高,并具有环保、安全的优势.以煤油、蒸馏水和不同配比的混合液为介质进行对比试验,得出煤油比例为0.5% ~2% 的"蒸馏水+煤油"混合液为介质时,材料去除率高于纯蒸馏水和煤油为介质加工,且对电极损耗和表面粗糙度基本上没有负面影响.