Influence of the Size of Potato Microtubers (iSolanum tuberosum/iL.) on the Yield of Plants under Semi-Axenic Conditions

摘要

The potato ( style="font-family:Verdana;">Solanum tuberosum style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) is a vegetable that ranks fifth in the world for human consumption. Its importance is growing more and more in the Senegalese diet. However, the potato production in Senegal does not meet the needs of the market, which maintains dependence on the outside for the supply of quality seeds. In addition, these imported seeds do not often have phytosanitary qualities required for local production in the Sahelian zone. The style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro style="font-family:Verdana;">production of microtubers, used as seed, has been shown to be one of the mos style="font-family:Verdana;">t efficient means for propagation of basic material. To overcome the constraints linked to the supply and availability of potato seeds, with high germination capacity, the impact of the microtuber size on the yield of the plants under semi-controlled conditions was examined. The pre-germinated style="font-family:Verdana;"> microtubers were produced style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro style="font-family:Verdana;">from vitroplants of 3 different varieties ( style="font-family:Verdana;">Aida style="font-family:Verdana;">, style="font-family:Verdana;"> Atlas style="font-family:Verdana;">, style="font-family:Verdana;"> Odessa style="font-family:Verdana;">) adapted to the edaphic-climatic conditions of Senegal. The effects of the seed sizes of microtubers, greater than 4 mm, sown under semi-controlled conditions, on the yield of the plants style="font-family:Verdana;">, style="font-family:Verdana;"> result in an increase in the ratio, in the vegetative development of the plants, but also in the number and size of the minitubers harvested. The yield of the plants also depends on the variety. It can therefore be envisaged to produce local potato seeds from microtubers and minitubers.