School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering;
South China University of Technology;
Guangzhou 510640;
China;
National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Materials Surface Engineering Technology;
Institute of New Materials;
Guangdong Academy of Sciences;
Guangzhou 510651;
China;
Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology;
A*STAR;
73 Nanyang Drive;
637662;
Singapore;
Laser powder bed fusion; Steel–copper multi-materials; Fatigue; Functionally graded materials; Bonding strength;