云南怒江州多民族聚居地田野调查——不同民族聚居地区建筑调研与思考

摘要

Architectural research of different minority settlements in one administrative region is an important part composing of the project,Study on the associated interaction between Regionality and Ethnicity of Architecture in Minority Settlement.Lisu,Nu,Dulong,Tibet Minority Settlements at Nujiang,Yunnan is the typical case of that.And Bingzhongluo is the key region of this field research.Based on the investigation of the dwelling and church,this paper discusses the regional diversity and minority diversity about Bingzhongluo,Nujiang.It analyses the association interaction affected on architectures there between them.The paper reveals the conclusion relation to the subjective affected gene and objective affected gene of minority settlements.%不同民族聚居的同一行政区划地区建筑研究,是民族聚居地建筑＂地区性＂与＂民族性＂及其关联性研究课题的一个重要方面。云南怒江州傈僳、怒、独龙、藏族等多民族聚居地是同一地区不同民族聚居的典型代表,其中对丙中洛乡的深入调研是本次沿怒江流域展开的田野调查重点。文章通过分析怒江州沿线至丙中洛等地的地区多样性、民族多样性,深入探讨了二者之间的关联性在建筑中的主观和客观影响因子。并通过调研地住屋建筑与教堂建筑实例测绘分析,总结出：建筑客观影响因子,与其地区性相关的非选择性外部自然环境不可变因子、外部条件的优差均衡性,及迁徙或定居民族的传统建筑经验、技术等可变修正系数相关;建筑主观影响因子,与其民族性相关的选择性内部成员可变因子、民族因素的强弱均衡性,及该聚居地传统建筑经验、技术等不可变修正系数相关的结论。