哈密地区近54 a日照时数的变化特征及其影响因素

摘要

Based on the sunshine hours observation data of 6 meteorological stations in Hami , Xinjiang during the years 1961-2014, this paper investigated the trends, abnormal years, abrupt change test and influence factors of the sunshine hours of Hami in recent 54 years by the linear trend, correlation analysis and M-K abrupt change test methods. The results showed that the the spring and annual sunshine hours of Hami exhibited an increasing trend over the past 54 years, the changes of summer, autumn, and winter are relatively smooth. The abnormal low sunshine hour amount occurred in 1998, and not occurred by the abnormal high annual sunshine hour amount. The spring sunshine hours occurred abrupt change in 2004, and the summer in 1993. The increase of annual sunshine hours is strongly associated with the decrease of low cloud cover amount.%以新疆哈密地区1961—2014年6个气象观测站地面气象观测资料为依据，利用线性趋势分析、相关性分析、M-K突变检验分析等方法，对哈密地区近54 a四季及年平均日照时数的变化趋势、异常年份、突变检验及影响因子进行分析，得出以下结论：近54 a哈密地区春季与年平均日照时数均呈增加趋势，而夏、秋、冬季变化比较平稳；年日照时数异常偏少出现在1998年，但从未出现过异常偏多年；年、秋季和冬季日照时数在近54 a中没有发生突变。春季日照时数在2004年发生了突变，夏季日照时数在1973年发生了突变；年日照时数增加与低云量的减少关系密切。