CWHF型全自动集沙仪设计及应用性能野外验证

摘要

集沙仪作为一种风蚀研究装置,可直接和准确地测定土壤风蚀过程中的输沙量和风沙流结构.为此,一种全自动、高频率的沙尘采样器(Continuously weighing,high frequency sand trap,简称:CWHF全自动集沙仪)被设计,并通过与2 m高度风速和Sensit跃移撞击传感器的野外配合观测,对比分析其野外实地的应用性能.CWHF全自动集沙仪整体外形呈"L"状,其最大特点是集沙容器底部安装有高精度单点称重传感器,使其能够实现集沙累积值的实时高频及长时间测量.通过对沙尘暴天气背景下的相关数据进行分析,发现CWHF全自动集沙仪的累积量和输沙通量均与风速和撞击颗粒数有较好的一致性,其能够很好地捕捉沙物质的输移信息,野外应用效果良好.%As a research apparatus of the wind erosion, sand traps can be used to directly measure the sediment transport flux and the structure of the wind-sand flow. This paper describes a continuously weighing, high frequency sand trap (CWHF sand trap)that facilitates fully automated and high-precision measurement of sediment flux and vertical saltation flux profiles over extensive time periods. And the application performance of CWHF sand trap in field is evaluated by comparing the sediment flux measured by CWHF sand trap with the wind speed at 2 m and the saltation particles 5 cm above the ground. The trap is L-shaped. The most important characteristic is the installation of a high-precision single point load sensor, which enables fully automated and high frequency measurements of the mass of sediment and outputs results as a time series and sediment flux. According to the field data of the CWHF sand trap, there was a good agreement between the mass of sediment, the sediment flux measured by the CWHF sand trap, the wind speed, and the number of saltation particles 5 cm above the ground. The trap could capture information regarding transport of the sediment. Therefore, it has a great potential to be applied in field observations.