Gordonia sp．LAM0048的分离鉴定及其降解正十六烷的研究

摘要

以正十六烷为唯一碳源，从长期受石油污染的土壤中筛选到一株高效降解正十六烷的菌株LAM0048。通过形态学观察、生理生化试验、细胞化学组分分析、16S rRNA基因序列分析、细胞脂肪酸和极性脂试验，确定其属于棒杆菌亚目（ Corynebacterineae）、诺卡菌科（ Nocardiaceae）、戈登氏属（ Gordonia），且可能为戈登氏属的一株新种。采用单因素实验对菌株LAM0048在无机盐培养基中降解正十六烷的降解率进行初步探讨，发现该菌株能在以正十六烷为唯一碳源的培养基中生长，菌株LAM0048能够在36 h内完全降解0．05％（ V／V）的正十六烷，当烷烃浓度达到1．0％（ V／V）时，降解率达46．4％。结果表明LAM0048是一株具有耐受高浓度烷烃的石油降解菌，在石油污染环境的微生物修复中具有一定的应用潜力。%An n-hexadecane-degrading bacterium LAM0048 was isolated from hydrocarbon-polluted soil by using n-hexadecane as sole carbon source.Based on analyses of the morphological, physiological and biochemical character, cellular chemical composition, 16S rRNA sequences, strain LAM0048 was suggested to represent a member of the genus Gordonia of family Nocardiaceae, suborder Corynebacterineae.Comparative analysis of the fatty acids and polar lipid composition revealed that LAM0048T was a novel species within the genus Gordonia.Study on the degradation efficiency of strain LAM0048 with different n-hexadecane concentration indicated that strain LAM0048 was able to degrade 100%of n-hexadecane in the mineral medium containing 0.05%( V/V) n-hexadecane after 36 h incubation at 30℃, and was able to degrade 46.4%of n-hexadecane in the mineral medium containing 1.0% ( V/V ) n-hexadecane.The new isolate was an alkane-degrading bacterium with highly concentration of alkane tolerance ability,and may provide new insight into microbial degradation of alkane.