不同覆盖方式下旱植水稻N、P、K吸收特性研究

摘要

以品种P88S/1128为材料,设置地膜覆盖、稻草覆盖和液体膜覆盖3个处理,以裸地为对照,研究了不同覆盖方式对旱作水稻N、P、K吸收特性的影响.结果表明,覆盖方式对旱作水稻N、P、K吸收特性有明显影响,稻草覆盖栽培有效提高了分蘖期植株对N素营养的吸收,为大群体的建立打下基础；成熟期茎秆和叶片中P素含量都降至最低,稻穗P素含量显著提高,其中以稻草覆盖处理最高,达3.70 g/kg,液膜覆盖处理次之,不覆膜最低；成熟期稻穗K素含量在成熟期降至最低,仅为2.40～3.08 g/kg,4种处理间差异不明显.从不同栽培模式比较来看,地膜、稻草、液膜覆盖处理对N、P、K营养元素的吸收量都显著高于不覆膜对照,表明覆盖栽培增强了旱植水稻对营养元素的吸收能力,其中以地膜覆盖处理最为明显.%This paper summarized the shape, structure and function of the chloroplast, reviewed the research progress of the relationship between chloroplasts and quality,expressed the environmental effects on it, put forward the meaning and purposes on the research of it. It also expounded recent research status, prospected the directions and ways for further research of relationships between the tobacco chloroplasts and the quality of tobacco leaf.