单粒精播对花生农艺性状及产量品质的影响

摘要

为探讨单粒精播高产栽培技术原理,研究了适宜湖南种植的高产优质花生品种‘湘花2008’不同密度下单粒精播对花生农艺性状和产量品质的影响.结果表明:随着密度增加花生出苗率有下降趋势,主茎高、侧枝长在21万株/hm2下最大,分枝数、结果枝数、叶龄数、单株荚果数均随着密度增加呈下降趋势,单粒精播高密度在一定程度上降低了个体生产力;产量和品质均在18万株/hm2时表现最佳,且高于常规生产上双粒穴播30万株/hm2.因此,花生单粒精播在一定程度上可达到减少用种量,提高产量,提高经济效益的目的,是实现花生高产高效的一项切实可行的栽培技术.%In order to further explore the principle of high-yield fine-seeding cultivation techniques,the effects of fine-seeding on the agronomic traits,yield and quality were studied with high-yield and high-quality peanut variety'Xianghua 2008'.The results showed that the seedling emergence rate was decreased as the increasing of density,the main stem height and lateral branch length were the largest at 210 000 plants/hm2,but the number of branches,fruit branches,leaf age and number of pods per plant were decreased as the density increasing.The individual productivity was reduced by single-seeded fine sowing at high-density.The seed yield and quality were the best at density 180 000 plants/hm2,higher than that of conventional production with density 300 000 plants/hm2.Results showed that peanut single-seed sowing reduced seed use rate,increased yield and economic benefit,it is a feasible cultivation technique to realize the high yield and high efficiency of peanut.