In 2008 and 2009 in Dongying City, Shandong Province, using shallow seeding without mulching(non-mulching) or traditional shallow seeding under mulching as the control, we conducted field experiments to study the ecological and biological effects of under-mulch greenhouse through deep-seeding in saline fields.Mulching significantly increased soil temperature and reduced soil salinity during emergence and seedling establishment regardless of seeding pattern, compared with the non-mulching control.Under mulching, deep seeding reduced soil salinity more than shallow seeding.Air temperature inside the under-mulch greenhouse was 1.9℃ higher than outside at a daily average basis.Mulching significantly increased stand establishment rate, plant biomass 31 days after planting and lint yield, and reduced Na+ content in leaves.Compared to shallow seeding,deep-seeding increased establishment rate, plant biomass 31 days after sowing and lint yield at harvest by 26.3％, 9.9％ and 5％,respectively, and decreased Na+ content in cotton leaves by 22％ in 2008; averaged across five pilot sites in 2009, stand establishment rate increased by 24.9％, and lint yield increased by 6％.Under-mulch greenhouse is a new component of an ecosystem in mulched cotton field.It improved the ecological environment of cotton seedlings greatly, thus showing a significant role in promoting stand establishment and lint yield in saline fields.%于2008-2009年在山东省东营市滨海盐碱地以露地直播(无地膜覆盖)或传统的浅播覆膜(开浅沟播种后平盖地膜)为对照,研究了深播覆膜(深播浅盖并形成膜下温室)对棉苗的效应.结果表明,与露地直播相比,浅播覆膜和深播覆膜都能显著提高幼苗期的地温,降低表层土壤的含盐量,深播覆膜比浅播覆膜的抑盐效果更好;深播覆膜后膜下温室内的日平均气温比外部气温提高了1.9℃.覆膜显著提高了棉花的成苗率、苗期单株干重和皮棉产量,降低了棉苗叶片Na+含量,并且深播好干浅播.与浅播覆膜相比,2008年深播覆膜的成苗率、播种后31 d的棉苗干重和最终皮棉产量分别提高了26.3%,9.9%和5%,棉苗叶片Na+含量降低了22%;2009年5个试验点的成苗率平均提高了24.9%,皮棉产量平均提高了6%.深播覆膜使棉田生态系统因增加膜下温室而成为4层次结构,改善了棉花成苗和幼苗生长的环境,促进了成苗和增产.
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