新能源电力系统控制与优化

摘要

The wide development of renewable energy power,together with the clean and efficient utilization of traditional energy have become an important subject.In the forthcoming decades,China will stay at the mixed-energy period for a long time due to our energy structure.Although the renewable energy has a rapid development,the renewable energy power abandonment is very serious.To make a deep cognition on the characteristics of power,grid and load,and focus on solving their control and optimization problems,are the basic premise to operate the alternate electrical power system with renewable energy sources safely and efficiently.On the basis of power response,grid response and load response,the paper clarifies some key scientific problems on grid-friendly generation control,flexible control on coal-fired units based on multiple energy sources compensation,grid dispatch control based on renewable energy's integration,demand sources characteristics and active adaptive control,and micro-grid control based on distributed energy.%新能源电力的规模化开发以及传统能源的清洁高效利用已成为当前能源革命的主题.目前,我国新能源电力比例持续增加,但受限于化石能源占主导的电源结构,未来很长一段时间内我国将处于混合能源时代.强随机波动性、间歇性以及不确定性使得规模化新能源电力的消纳问题日益严重,我国弃风弃光现象十分突出.深入认知电源侧、电网侧、负荷侧的基本特性,着重解决其控制与优化难题,是实现新能源电力系统安全高效运行的基本前提.本文围绕电源效应、电网响应、负荷响应,着重从电网友好型发电控制、基于多源互补的火力发电弹性控制、适应高比例新能源电力消纳的电网调度控制、需求侧资源特性与主动适应控制以及基于分布式能源的微电网控制5个方面阐述了新能源电力系统局部与全局控制中存在的关键科学问题.