选取合适的软件可靠性度量,对于软件质量保证及项目管理有着重要意义.现有的软件可靠性度量选取方法没有考虑软件完整性级别这个重要的设计属性.完整性级别表示软件特性的取值范围,该范围对将系统风险保持在可容忍的限度内是必需的,其对软件可靠性水平有显著影响.提出了一种基于完整性级别的可靠性度量选取框架:首先给出基于完整性级别的度量选取体系;然后在选取体系的基础上,给出相应的度量选取方法;最后,将提出的度量选取框架应用于ISO/IEC 9126质量模型中的外部软件可靠性度量,根据度量的特点将每种度量不同程度(基本、条件及参考)地推荐给不同的完整性级别.实例表明,基于完整性级别的度量选取技术是系统且有效的,所推荐的度量可以满足软件尤其是安全关键软件在不同完整性级别上的需求.%It is very important to select and use appropriate software reliability metrics(SRMs) for software intensive systems. Therefore there are some approaches presented for effectively selecting SRMs. However,almost all of these approaches didn't consider the software integrity which is a very important design attribute with the unique ability to contain risk which combines the frequency and the consequence of software failure. Thus we suggested that the integrity is a significant factor which affects the final software reliability or safety and should be considered for selecting the suitable SRMs. This paper proposed an integrity-level-based framework with which software organizations can systemically and effectively identify and select the suitable SRMs respectively to satisfy the integrity requirement of the safety-critical software. Finally a preliminary case study was given by using this framework to select the basic,conditional and optional SRMs from ISO/IEC 9126 for various software integrity levels.
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