车载自组网中基于备用副本回退机制的路由优化算法

摘要

Aiming at poor communication problems of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) in the adverse road conditions,this paper proposes a routing optimization algorithm which uses the Global Position System (GPS) positioning system and digital map device to retrieve information such as the speed,movement directions and relative positions among different vehicles.The most theoretically reliable communication path for message transfer is chosen for messaging.When the optimal communication transfer path is hindered by the external terrain environment,the backuq copy fallback mechanism is used to avoid communication obstacle,which can improve communication reliability.Simulation results show that the algorithm,compared with Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) protocol,has better performance in the success rate of packet delivery,the number of linking disconnection and route discovery frequency,and it can ensure the communication quality of VANET.%针对车载自组网在不良道路环境中通信质量不佳的问题,提出一种路由优化算法.借助车载全球定位系统和电子地图设备获取车辆的速度、移动方向及车辆间的相对位置等信息,计算并选取理论上最可靠的通信路径进行消息传递.当消息传递因外界地形环境阻碍无法顺利进行时,利用备用副本回退机制避开通信障碍区,提高通信可靠性.仿真结果表明,与无线自组网按需平面距离矢量路由协议相比,该算法在数据包投递率、链路断开次数、路由发现频率等方面性能较优,并且能保证车载自组网的通信质量.