我国近岸围填海环境影响评价研究进展

摘要

Reclamation is an important way to solve the shortage of land resources.A new round of large-scale reclamation has been raised in China since entering the 21st Century.However,the negative effects caused by the reclamation are getting more and more attention.As one of the most common reclamation projects,the coastal reclama-tion has still no systematically theoretical system and technical methods for its environ-mental impact assessment.In order to provide references for the development and man-agement of the coastal reclamation,the latest research methods and achievements of the coastal reclamation environmental impact assessment are summarized from the following two aspects:One is the single environmental impact assessment,which has focused on research of the methods for the hydrodynamic and sedimentary environmental impact as-sessment and the contaminant transport impact assessment;another is the comprehen-sive environmental impact assessment,which has mainly focused on research of the methods for integrated benefit evaluation,suitability evaluation,bearing capacity evalu-ation and vulnerability evaluation.%围填海是缓解沿海地区土地资源紧缺的重要途径。进入21世纪以来，我国掀起了新一轮大规模的围填海热潮，随后关于围填海造成的负面影响受到越来越多的关注。近岸围填海作为最常见的一种围填海工程，其环境影响评价的理论体系和技术方法至今尚不系统。本研究从单一环境影响和综合环境影响两方面对近岸围填海环境影响评价的最新研究方法与成果进行归纳总结，在单一环境影响评价方面重点研究了水动力与沉积环境影响评价以及污染物运移影响评价，在综合环境影响评价研究方面重点研究了综合效益评价、适宜性评价、承载力评价、脆弱性评价等方法，以期为海洋管理部门的围填海开发与管理提供参考。