短壁工作面采场坚硬顶板强制放顶技术

摘要

In order to solve the long free support distance of a hard roof in a shortwall coal mining face of Yujialiang Mine,based on analy-sis on the roof movement law of the coal mining face,the forced roof caving technology combined with a deep borehole blasting and a shal-low borehole blasting was provided.The application results of the combined technology in No.42209 Coal Mining Face of Yujialiang Mine showed that the technology not only could reduce the explosive quantity applied to the blasting,but also could highly reduce the labor in-tensity of the miners.The technology could realize deep boreholes in the connection gateway,the waste rock after the blasting could backfill the goaf under the blasting boreholes and thus the production coal mining face and the goaf could be isolated.The roof mechanics structure would be changed after the blasting.Therefore,the hard roof in the goaf of the shortwall coal mining face would be fallen naturally,the free support distance of the previous roof could be reduced and a safety and high efficient mining of the shortwall mining face could be ensured.%为了解决榆家梁煤矿短壁工作面采场坚硬顶板空顶距离大的难题，在对采场顶板运移规律进行分析的基础上，提出了一种深孔爆破与浅孔爆破相结合的强制放顶技术。该技术在榆家梁煤矿42209工作面的应用结果表明：该技术不仅能够减少炸药使用量，而且能够大幅降低工人的劳动强度；能实现在联络巷内布置深孔炮眼，且爆破后的矸石充满炮眼下方采空区，将生产工作面与采空区隔离；爆破后可改变顶板力学结构，使短壁工作面采场采空区坚硬顶板自然垮落，减小原顶板的空顶距离，保证短壁工作面的安全高效回采。