针对华亭煤田冲击性巷道锚索断裂、锚杆退锚等支护难题，分析可知华亭煤田现有的锚杆支护长度小于松动圈范围，锚索长度约为锚杆的3.5倍，在冲击性巷道中锚杆和锚索无法良好的匹配，是造成巷道失稳的主要原因。研究结果表明：锚索所承受的系统动能和应变能随锚索长度缩短而减小，适当增加锚杆长度同时减小锚索长度，与现场巷道松动区和塑性区范围相适应，可以使锚杆和锚索匹配良好。进而对支护参数进行优化，锚杆长度从2.6 m 增加到2.8 m，间排距缩小为0.7 m×0.8 m；锚索长度从7.3、8.3 m 减小到6.5 m，间排距缩小为1.0 m×0.8 m，并增加让压环和球形垫板等让压装置，根据现场观测可知该支护方式有效控制巷道变形，基本消除了锚索断裂和锚杆退锚的现象。%According to anchor broken,bolt withdrawing and other support problems occurred in a mine pressure bumping roadway of Huat-ing Coalfield,the analysis showed that the available bolt support length in Huating Coalfield was less than a scope of loose circle and an-chor length was about 3.5 times longer than the bolt.Due to have poor matching between the bolt and anchor in the mine pressure bumping roadway,which led to make the mine roadway stability lost.The study results showed that the system kinetic energy and deformation energy born by the anchor would be reduced with the anchor length reduced and bolt length increased and anchor length decreased properly could be suitable to the site loose zone and plastic zone scope of the mine roadway and thus the bolt and anchor could be well matched.There-fore,an optimization was conducted on the support parameters,the length of the bolt was increased from 2.6 m to 2.8 m and a row space distance was reduced as 0. 7 m×0. 8 m.The length of the anchor was decreased from 7. 3 m and 8.3 m to 6.5 m,the row space distance was decreased as 1. 0 m×0. 8 m and a yield ring,ball type backing plate and other yield devices were added.The site observation showed that the support method could effectively control the deformation of mine roadway and could basically eliminate the phenomena of anchor broken and bolt withdrawn.
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