基于内部结构概化的华北型煤田岩溶陷落柱分类

摘要

Karst collapse columns are one kind of special geological structure in North China coalfields, threatening the safe coal production. In order to study the mechanism of water inrush in collapse columns, the generalized model of inside structure of the columns containing enrockment section, mud section, clast section and fracture section is put forward combining with the formation process through the enormous amount of research. And karst collapsing col-umns are classified into 8 types on the basis of the model, and the geologic characteristics of each type are analyzed and summarized. Suggestions to excavation engineering are also given for different types of collapse columns.%岩溶陷落柱是华北型煤田所具有的一种特殊地质构造，对煤矿安全生产造成巨大威胁。为了研究岩溶陷落柱的突水机理，确保煤矿采掘工程的安全，提出了岩溶陷落柱的内部结构概化模型，包括堆石段、泥石浆段、岩块碎屑段和柱壁裂隙段4个不同的部分，各部分之间既有相互联系，又显示出不同的力学和水力特征。基于此模型，对岩溶陷落柱按照内部结构的不同进行了分类，将岩溶陷落柱分为堆石型、堆石裂隙型、堆石泥石浆型等8种不同类型，并总结分析了不同类型岩溶陷落柱的结构特征和突水特征，且对不同类型岩溶陷落柱煤矿采掘工程提出了建议。