鄂尔多斯盆地周边分布着神东、陕北、黄陇和宁东四个大型煤炭基地,煤炭资源丰富,但开采利用程度低,是我国“十二五”期间重点开发的矿区.在系统分析盆地内侏罗系煤层顶板白垩系裂隙含水层和第四系萨拉乌苏组孔隙含水层富水性的基础上,揭示了含水层与煤层的叠置关系;以煤炭开采破坏含水层、煤层与含水层距离、煤层与地表距离、含水层富水性为依据,将含水层破坏模式划分为:破坏顶板萨拉乌苏组含水层亚区、煤层埋藏浅破坏顶板含水层及生态环境亚区、破坏顶板含水层富水性较好亚区、破坏顶板含水层富水性较弱亚区,并对含水层破坏程度进行了分区评价;最后提出了含水层保护措施,为煤炭开采后的防治水工作提供了依据.%In the peripheral Ordos Basin there are 4 large-scaled coal bases namely Shendong, North Shaanxi, Huanglong and East Ningxia with abundant coal resources, but low mining and utilization degrees, they are emphasized exploitation mining areas during the 12th Five-Year Plan. Based, on systematic analyses of water yield properties of the Jurassic coal seam roof Cretaceous fissure aquifer and Quaternary Xar Us Formation porous aquifer, have revealed the superimposed relations between aquifers and coal seams. In terms of aquifer mining destruction, interval between coal seam and aquifer, coal seam depth and aquifer water yield property, have divided the aquifer destruction mode into: destructed Xar Us Formation aquifer subregion, shallow buried coal seam destructed roof aquifer and entironment subregion, destructed roof aquifer better water yield property subregion and destructed roof aquifer weaker water yield property subregion; and carried out aquifer destruction degree evaluation regionally. Finally, aquifer protection measures put forward, thus the basis of water controlling works during coal mining.
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